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Introduction: The microbiological quick tests developed at the present time offer detection, identification or enumeration of microorganisms in shorter times and carrying out much simpler methodologies compared with those traditionally used ones. In 2010 Vibrio cholerae O1 biotipo El Tor serotipo Owaga was isolated starting from a clinical case in the department of Artibonite, Haiti. Objective: To introduce fluorescence microscopy technical quick method for Vibrio cholera detection water samples like part of the environmental surveillance. Materials and Methods: The New Horizons Diagnostics Corporation, USA, diagnostic package was used for Vibrio cholera O1/ O139 determination. It use an A antigen monoclonal specific antibody of the external membrane O1 lipopolisacaride and an specific monoclonal antibody of Vibrio cholerae O139, both antibodies have been conjugated with fluorescein isotiocianate (FICT) for quick and simple detection of Vibrio cholerae O1 / O139 in water. Results: A direct inmunofluorescence technique was implemented for the quick detection of Vibrio cholerae O1 / O139 in samples of water. Conclusions: The implemented technique was of vital importance in the interepidemic surveillance of Vibrio cholera. It was being useful in the detection of this microorganism in viable but non culturable (VBNC) state in which the cultivation conventional techniques are not efficient.